Guides

EPR guides

Practical explainers for producers, compliance teams and anyone comparing packaging fees across Europe.

• 6 min readHow packaging licensing works in Germany

  LUCID registration, dual systems, and why there is no national €/kg tariff.

• 5 min readWho needs an authorised representative?

  When foreign producers must appoint a local AR, and where to check thresholds.

• 5 min readPackaging tax vs packaging EPR fees

  Why UK plastic tax, Spanish IEEP and similar levies are not the same as PRO licence fees.

• 4 min readStatutory tariff vs market price

  How we label fee transparency so private quotes are never shown as national law.

• 5 min readEco-modulation, bonus and malus

  Why the calculator uses core rates only, and where modulation still matters.